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The application of laser technology in the manufacturing industry is the focus of research in various countries. With the need for high efficiency, environmental protection and automation in industrial development, the application of laser technology has rapidly spread to many fields of manufacturing. On this basis, the green laser pointer welding process will become one of the important aspects of laser applications. Laser welding directly irradiates the laser beam onto the surface of the material to be welded, and the welding material is heated to a melting temperature or higher to fuse by the action of the laser and the material to complete the welding. Laser welding is essentially a process in which lasers interact with materials, involving phenomena such as reflection, absorption, heating, melting, and vaporization. Classification includes: heat transfer welding (which includes micro soldering) and deep soldering.

With the trend of miniaturization of electronic products, people's requirements for 3C products are getting higher and higher, resulting in higher and higher welding technology requirements for some 3C products, and the traditional welding processing methods cannot meet the requirements. As a high-quality, high-precision, low-deformation, high-efficiency and high-speed welding equipment, laser welding machine is becoming an important tool for metal material processing and manufacturing, and is increasingly used in 3C products. With the development of industrial manufacturing, efficient, agile and environmentally friendly processing technology will be favored. Laser welding with its high-energy beam focusing method can achieve deep welding, rapid welding and other welding processes that are difficult to achieve in the welding process, especially the blue laser pointer welding equipment is flexible, real-time online detection technology is mature, enabling it to Highly automated in mass production, a large number of laser welding production lines have been put into industrial production. Practice has proved that laser welding is widely used in the processing industry. Basically, the field of conventional welding technology can be used, laser welding can be competent, and the welding quality is higher and the processing efficiency is faster.

Laser welding is a process that uses the radiant energy of a laser to achieve effective welding. Its working principle is: to excite a laser active medium (such as a mixture of CO2 and other gases, YAG yttrium aluminum garnet crystal, etc.) in a specific way. The reciprocating oscillation in the cavity forms a stimulated radiation beam. When the beam is in contact with the workpiece, its energy is absorbed by the workpiece, and welding can be performed when the temperature reaches the melting point of the material.

Laser welding can be divided into heat conduction welding and deep fusion welding. The former heat is diffused to the inside of the workpiece through heat transfer, and only the surface of the weld is melted. The inside of the workpiece is not completely penetrated, and basically no vaporization occurs, and it is mostly used for low-speed thin wall. The welding of the material; the latter not only completely penetrates the material, but also vaporizes the material to form a large amount of plasma. Due to the large heat, a keyhole phenomenon occurs at the front end of the molten pool. Deep-fusion welding can thoroughly penetrate the workpiece, and has high input energy and fast welding speed. It is the most widely used burning laser pointer welding mode.

The reason why laser welding is so highly valued is its unique advantages:
1. Laser welding can achieve high quality joint strength and large aspect ratio, and the welding speed is relatively fast.
2. Since laser welding does not require a vacuum environment, remote control and automated production can be achieved through lenses and optical fibers.
3. The laser has a large power density, has good welding effect on difficult-to-weld materials such as titanium, quartz, etc., and can weld different performance materials.

Of course, laser welding also has shortcomings:
1. Laser and welding system parts are more expensive, so the initial investment and maintenance costs are higher than traditional welding processes, and the economic benefits are poor.
2. The conversion efficiency of laser welding is generally low (usually 5% to 30%) due to the low absorption rate of the laser by solid materials, especially after the plasma is present (the plasma has an absorption effect on the laser).
3. Due to the small spot size of the astronomy laser pointer welding, the precision of the equipment for the workpiece joint is high, and the small equipment deviation will cause a large processing error.

With the popularization of laser welding and the commercial production of lasers, the price of laser equipment has dropped significantly. The development of high-power lasers and the development and application of new hybrid welding methods have also improved the shortcomings of laser welding conversion efficiency. It is believed that in the near future, laser welding will gradually replace traditional welding processes (such as arc welding and resistance welding). Become the main way of industrial welding.